The Planes of the Torso
These simple drawings were done as preliminary sketches to determine the large planes of the torso from the front, back, and three-quarter's views.
Consider what portions of the various parts of the figure you are looking at in this drawing. Do you see the top front, side, or all of these? These are the planes of a form.
Disregarding details for a moment, think of the torso as a large block created by the front plane (A) and the side plane (B), The side planes of the torso are at a slight obtuse angle to the frontplane, making the back wider than the front of the torso,
Imagine a series of lines running from the top of the shoulders to the nipples, from shoulder to shoulder, and from nipple to nipple. These lines would define the big top plane of the chest (C], which is wider at the shoulder than at the nipples; this plane Includes the front plane of the deltoid muscle (D).
You may notice thatthe accurate definition of planes is directly related to the successful handling of light and shade. For instance, the arm on the right is drawn as a rounded block; the light top plane (E) is clearly separated from the plane in shadow (f),
The fact that both the front of the torso and a section of the side are visible gives a powerful illusion of the figure as a three-dimensional object in space.
The most intriguing thing about figure drawing is that it requires you to think and do several different things simultaneously Since If Is difficult in the beginning to do^several things at once, It may be helpful to consider only one element at a time, even though It is understood that all elements of a drawing are Interrelated. The elements of a good figure drawing are line, mass and detail, proportion, thrust, anatomy, perspective, light and shade, and planes,
When beginning a drawing, It is often helpful to consider only the planes, After you have established ttie outside shape of the figure, draw lines that separate one plane from another. Think of and draw the planes of the largest masses first; then go on to the planes of the smaller forms,
These simple drawings were done as preliminary sketches to determine the large planes of the torso from the front, back, and three-quarter's views.
NUDE MALE FIGURE RUNNING 1496-1500, pen, drawn ink, arid black chalk ««' x 9W (37.47 x 23.18 cm]
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