The Hamstring Muscles
TWO STUDIES OF A STRAIGHT LEG, FROM THE INSIDE AND THE BACK 11" x 8" (27.94 x 20.32cm}
TWO STUDIES OF A STRAIGHT LEG, FROM THE INSIDE AND THE BACK 11" x 8" (27.94 x 20.32cm}
On the back of the thigh is the hamstring mass, or posterior femoral muscles, A in the right-hand drawing, which is made up of three muscles; the biceps femoris, the semi-tendinosus, and the semimembranosus, This mass of flexor muscles originates on the back of the pelvis, or the heel of the ischium, beneath the gluteus maximus (8). The two tendons of the hamstring muscles branch out across the back of the knee. The inner hamstring tendon (C) crosses the knee and Inserts into the inside edge of the tibia just below the knee, The outer hamstring tendon (D) crosses the outside of the knee joint and inserts into the head of the fibula. In its entirety the hamstring mass is shaped vety much like a football, Its function is to bend the knee, thus flexing the lower leg on the thigh.
The drawing on the left provides an excellent opportunity to observe the spiral quality of the sartorius muscle (E). It also shows the gracilis (F], an adductor muscle located directly behind the sartorius. The gracilis (meaning "slender" in Latin] arises from the lower part of the pelvis, at a point near the meeting of the two pubic bones, This muscle, which defines the Inside contour of the thigh, extends downward; along with the sartorius and the inner hamstring tendon It Inserts Into the inner surface of the tibia at a point Just below the knee. The tendons of these three muscles sweep around the inside of the knee, where they form the spiral mass known as the "goose foot" (G),
Because the hamstring tendons are very short, It Is difficult to lift the thigh when the knee is unbent. If the knee bends, the hamstring tendons are released and it is then easy to raise the thigh toward the trunk. Try it!
In these anatomical drawings of the leg, Michelangelo carefully delineated the forms, When drawing from life, however, he did not see or draw many of the muscles individually; instead he drew them as masses, In a life drawing, the hamstring mass would appear on the back of the thigh not as three muscles but as one mass. In the right-hand drawing notice the line (H] running vertically down the center of the hamstrings, This separation does not exist on most models. If two or more muscles have the same function, the separation between the muscles will not be indicated at all in a drawing or will be indicated only slightly by lines or shading. If two or more muscles have different functions, the separation between them will be indicated by strong lines or shading,
semi tendinosas —'m semi membranosus
Steffi
Steffi r tibia
tibia fibula biceps femoris
biceps femoris semi tendinosas —'m semi membranosus sartorius patella (kneecap]
the goose foot
Hamstring Mass
Origin: the heel of the Ischium of the peivis (covered by the gluteus maxim us)
Two Insertions: Inner hamstring tendon; inside edge of the tibia outer hamstring tendon; the head of the fibula anterior superior Iliac spine anterior superior Iliac spine sartorius patella (kneecap]
the goose foot
- inner hamstring tendon,
external. oblique tensor of the fascia latae patella common rectus femoris
FIGURE STUDY FOR THE BATTLE OF CASCINA 1504. pen over black chalk 10W x 6W (26.04 x 17,46 cm] Damaged by dampness hamstring vastus extern us trochanter
vastus extern us
Post a comment